The advent of the era of big data broke the monopoly and data sources of enlargement and enrichment are important features of the era of big data. In the foreseeable future, the data will be found in all corners of the city, whether in the daily life of people, or the city operation management, will be in the big data support to the "wisdom", and big data will provide wisdom city "engine" wisdom.
The current domestic many cities housing prices continued to rise, serious problems such as small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficulties, one reason is that the asymmetry of information, data lead to investment objects are too single, forcing a lot of liquidity can flow into the real estate. At the same time, with the advancement of China's urbanization, urban comprehensive management ability the serious lag. In the foreseeable future, the data will be found in all corners of the city, will be widely used in medical, financial, e-commerce, logistics and five big industries, such as the Internet. In order to satisfy the people living in the city of peace, health, the demand of the habitable, unobstructed, need to build a complete information system, the information system is, in fact, including video sensor, iot systems, networks, and the decision system of a large system, such a system called "wisdom city", it is estimated that wisdom city combine with big data technology will drive hundreds of billions of dollars of economic benefits.
A large data concepts, the wisdom city driving
According to statistics, at present, China's permanent population urbanization rate has reached 50%, gradually formed the north of guangzhou, and other large cities as the center, multi-level and complementary functions of urban agglomeration. International mainstream scholars believe that an ideal and stable proportion of urban population should be at about 75%, so a long time in the future, China's urbanization is still in mass to accelerate the process, it is estimated that China's urbanization process and last 30 years in the future. This trend along with urbanization and the rapid change of the spatial distribution of urban system and, in addition, the problem of social management is becoming more and more serious, HouDiaoShi labor migration issues, for example, a rapid decline in transportation efficiency, air, water, food safety issues. How will increasingly rich in all kinds of information, through processing to positively affect the normal operation of city is a major problem. Wisdom city combining big data will be dealing with these problems at this stage of the best solution.
From the perspective of the architecture of intelligent city, as a result of wisdom city is the basis of Internet of things technology, therefore wisdom urban system structure and the architecture of Internet of things, also can be divided into the perception layer, transport layer, platform layer and application layer. Wisdom city relative to digital city, the biggest difference is that the perception layer to get the information of intelligent processing, thus can also think wisdom city is an updated version of digital city. Digital by the city to the city of wisdom, the key is to realize to the wisdom of the digital information processing, its core is the introduction of large data processing technology.
What is big data? In a city, the vast amounts of data is produced, and site search in the process of shopping search engine companies would record your search history; In the process of driving the electronic navigation system will automatically locate and send instructions to you; Go to the hospital in the process of all kinds of instrument cases recorded files; Left in the process of mobile communications information such as contact person, phone records, these are the "big data".
2. Wisdom city experience with large data
Wisdom city is in the digital city, peaceful city based framework of a new entity, through the Internet of things in the real world and digital world for effective integration, automatic and real-time perception in real world and the various states and change, processing by the cloud computing center of mass and complicated calculation and control, for urban management and public services of various kinds of intelligent.
From national policy, China's "863 plan" wisdom city overall technical architecture in the ministry of science and technology project plan of 863 "wisdom city" (issue of) project, under the support of 863 project wisdom city project (phase I) teeg put forward the "six horizontal two longitudinal" wisdom city technology framework. "Six horizontal" layer, the bottom layer is the city's perception, then the transport layer, and then the above order are processing layer, support layer, application service layer, application layer at the top is the wisdom, is through the global security system as well as standard and evaluation.
But to truly achieve wisdom city, must introduce technology of big data, mainly includes three aspects of demand, the huge amounts of data can only be achieved through the following three aspects: collection, processing, processing, analysis, and real role in specific niche business:
1. The data fusion technology
Wisdom city construction in China, one of the major challenges facing is due to the standard between urban system problems that cannot be effectively integrated, form the information isolated island. Therefore, in the field of large data fusion technology, on the one hand, to strengthen the construction of large data standards, on the other hand, must strengthen the huge amounts of heterogeneous data modeling and integration, mass heterogeneous data column storage and index, key technology research and development, to give the underlying data integration information sharing provide standards and technical support.
2. Big data processing technology
Large-scale data in urban system in the process of flow wisdom, for transmission efficiency, data quality and safety factors of consideration, need for large-scale data preprocessing. Big data processing technology are often required to combined with the parallel and distributed technology based on cloud computing, which is currently adopted widely in the international industry.
3. Large data analysis and mining technology
Big data analysis and mining technology for wisdom city governance provides powerful decision support capabilities. Compared to the big data fusion and processing technology, data analysis and mining technology is more complex, is the international academia and industry facing the challenging technical problems.
With the continuous development of technology of data, as well as industry users demand for big data technology increasingly obvious, big data industry application. The author through to the sea conway apparent wisdom city big data applications to explore, to share some real cases at home and abroad to provide reference for the readers.
1. The wisdom of domestic cities
In March 2013, Beijing sunrise service network "wisdom" is launched. By means of data processing and analysis technology, the coma to extract data from the support library service management system, and then through the services portal, including micro letter, weibo, mobile applications and services website, set-top boxes and other diversified ways and to different user groups to communicate.
2. The wisdom of the foreign cities
Swedish capital Stockholm on the way to central government set up 18 control station by the road, through the use of RFID technology and the use of advanced laser, camera and free traffic system, on the side of the road automatic identification into the center of the city traffic, with automatic on Monday to Friday (except holidays) 6:30 to 18:30 between in and out of vehicles registered in the center of the tax. By charging "road congestion tax" to reduce the traffic flow, traffic congestion was reduced by 25%, the time needed for traffic line fell by 50%, 8% - 8% reduction in emissions of road traffic, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 40%.
3. The wisdom of medical
Intel ufida medical in planning of the regional health based on Intel's big data solutions data center construction goal, in jinzhou area health data center has formed a complete big data solutions. After repeated testing and tuning, the regional health data computing architecture can satisfy large mass data recording number (more than one hundred million high performance requirements, the analysis of the concurrent retrieval and real-time data meets the requirements of "wisdom" of big data.
4. Wisdom of police
By making full use of cloud computing, Internet of things, big data and video intelligence analysis technology, GIS (geographic information system) and GPS (global positioning system (GPS), mobile communication network, intelligent mobile police system, such as digital integrated cutting-edge technology, to realize modernization of policing work, intelligent, streamline, visualization.
5. Intelligent transportation
Zhengzhou create intelligent transport system, make the bus information is displayed on the map, such as the recent a bus station, 5 minutes and full; Under a bus station, 10 minutes and there are empty seats, can choose to ride; Down for 2 minutes, walk to the station 1 minutes, 7 minutes remaining, still have time to sit down and have a cup of hot tea.
6. Intelligent fire
Guangzhou to establish a system of intelligent fire alarm people just dial 119, the system will position the alarm current immediately, and call the location area surveillance cameras, determine the damage location and the fire situation.
7. The wisdom of city planning
In the planning of the city, through to the urban geography, meteorology and other natural information and economy, society, culture, population and social information, can provide powerful decision support for urban planning, strengthening the city management service is scientific and forward-looking.
3. How big data security industry application
On July 21, 2012, Beijing had a worst rainstorm in 61. Downtown Beijing road in serious water, traffic, municipal water conservancy project, many vehicles flooded multiple injuries causing casualties scenes are still fresh in your mind. After the disaster, city managers aware of the security of the city must be a long-term planning, focus on long-term fundamental solution, to be comprehensive.
Security industry due to its own characteristics and development direction of industry manufacturers, the progress of the large data used in the security industry has been deeply enough. But security industry and big data fit is higher, especially the security video surveillance, intelligent traffic data attention more and more high. For example hikvision will be applied to the video image data acquisition, transmission, storage, management, display and mining, etc., to solve a lot of data storage and obtaining and management problems, fundamentally improve the security system of the management efficiency, greatly enhance the value of the safe city solutions and experience.
In the field of security and disaster prevention, through large data mining, can also be found in time man-made or natural disasters, terrorist attacks, improve the ability of emergency response capability and safety, etc. In addition to historical data acquisition, real-time data mining is a trend in the future. Based on the urban geography, meteorology and other natural information and economy, society, culture, population and so on humanities and social information mining, can provide powerful decision support for urban security, strengthening the city management service is scientific and forward-looking. Hikvision Spark big data streaming computing framework was applied to intelligent analysis technology, greatly improve the efficiency of the real-time analysis, combined with big data technology is put forward in security field.
In addition, the data processing services through wisdom city public support platform for data analysis, value, from mining to find relations. Data processing techniques include machine learning, data mining and the complex event processing, etc. The traditional machine learning and data mining in the treatment of the face of massive, heterogeneous wisdom city data inefficient, through distributed computing framework to improve, improve processing speed. According to the data processing requirements of real time or not, the separable line processing and online processing. Emergency preparedness wisdom city application with the requirement of real-time, online processing, data processing services to timely forecast results, provide decision support for city managers. For offline processing of data, usually stored in a distributed database and distributed file system, are based on Hadoop graphs such as distributed computing framework to analysis the data, and through the data mining tools such as ApacheMahout to conduct the thorough research to the data.
For online real-time processing of data, such as streaming data, the data processing method and offline data difference is very big. Data collected by multiple sensors according to the small cycle, multiple cameras acquisition of video data such as streaming data. Streaming data and offline processing data of the biggest difference is that the data processing, data processing in a timely manner. Complex Event Processing (Complex Event Processing, CEP) technology is a kind of data Processing engine, to capture the different sources of all sorts of simple Event or Event flow, according to a predefined Event model, real-time and efficiently find the relationship between the mass events or deduce more meaningful events, provide decision-making basis.
Fourth, learn from foreign experience, intensify the building of software
European and American developed country attaches great importance to software in intelligent construction of city construction, only master data, in order to make reasonable analysis, to come to the conclusion that the objective law of public security, real ascension emergency management ability, and eradicate the urban security, disaster and so on a series of problems. In recent years in domestic wisdom on construction of city attaches great importance to the construction of hardware, software and information system construction and neglected. Wisdom city construction, combined with hard and soft, our country should learn from foreign advanced experience, strengthening software construction, grasp the initiative of wisdom urban construction.
The advent of the era of big data broke the monopoly and data sources of enlargement and enrichment are important features of the era of big data. In the foreseeable future, the data will be found in all corners of the city, whether in the daily life of people, or the city operation management, will be in the big data support to the "wisdom", and big data will provide wisdom city "engine" wisdom.
In addition, it should be clear wisdom is the next stage of the process of urbanization, city is a new height of city information, is the vision of modern urban development. Wireless city, digital city, city, city is the necessary condition of intelligent city. Integrity city, green city, healthy city, cultural city is city should have wisdom, wisdom city produces large data, large data in turn support the wisdom city. Wisdom city combined with big data technology will have a bright tomorrow!